Wednesday, July 8, 2015

Bursk’s Cutting Board, by Scott Cheshire



Scott Cheshire is a novelist and short story writer. His novel, High as the Horses’ Bridles, came out in 2014.

In this 11.5 page short story, published by One Story in Summer 2015, Cheshire takes the exercise of dying slowly, hilariously, sadly and memorably, to new heights.

Let’s look at how and why this story works:

Our protagonist Bursk is at the end of his life. He is lying in bed, “confined to the still boat of his bedroom mattress,” waiting for his wife to bring him his last meals. This a great premise, and a wonderful situation in which to place your protagonist---death is imminent and we all know it. With that decision, you already have your reader anxiously awaiting and looking forward to the end. End of life causes stresses to the reader--and your reader likes that kind of stress. We learn that Bursk is “Fifty-five years old, his liver is unlucky.” Too young to die, and dying anyway.

Cheshire “confines” Bursk to his bedroom mattress. Being confined is also a great thing to do your protagonist. Limits of all kinds are great for writers, and their creations. (George Steiner described classical art as “art by privation,” i.e. creativity defined by limits,” and limits make for drama, pressure and stressful situations, which is what all stories need.)

There is also some great, original, vivid writing, in the first paragraph: “the still boat of his bedroom mattress…the solid porcelain clunk of dish on dish…his whole right side in mutiny and bedsores…A pain like someone stuffed an umbrella up his rump and now they’re trying to open it.” 

Our protagonist used to work in restaurants, and now he owns one, and the story is filled with the author’s knowledge of food and restaurant operations. (Cheshire used to work as a bartender and waiter.) This is what writers do: We take our real life experiences and weave them into stories.) Bursk is glad the restaurant will provide for his wife after he’s gone, but his wife is still “killing” him: “…the wife and her nonstop milk shakes, apple pies, and omelets." 

Food is a character in this story: On page 2, There is chicken soup, fresh (store-bought) bread, cornichon and pate on rye crackers, the memories of foie gras,” “the scent of garlic from the kitchen…roasted garlic ice cream…serviced with strawberry slices… “ These food descriptions lure us into the story. They are familiar props and we know what they look and taste like.

There is a hint of past, deviant behavior and we learn a little something about how men cover up their affairs with garlic: On page 4, we learn that Bursk almost had an affair. “Bursk is reminded of what Amen once told him, how the men back home rub garlic on their fingers after affairs, so the wives can’t tell they’ve been dabbling. He then reminds himself he has never fully cheated on his wife. Although he did come close that one time in Chicago. At an industry tableware convention where a young saleslady drunk on Harvey Wallbangers pulled him into the ladies’ room. Lipsticks smeared on her mouth, like marinara sauce. The lights were hot, and he was famished. Only a full bladder stopped him from going the full ten yards. He has long been heartbroken by this fact, and ashamed. Nevertheless.” Great stories are full of yearning, of dreams deferred or abandoned. There’s power in suppression and denial. We are left yearning on behalf of the protagonist.

There is also a nice flashback to the time when the protagonist was young and in love with his wife. Read this great line on page 6: “He watched her like a dog beside the dinner table, not sure what was being served, but he wanted it all.” He cooks for her on their first date: “A homemade pesto…a scoop of his homemade vanilla mango ice cream.” Food continues to be a character and cooking is an act of love.

And then we get to this great paragraph, on page 7, where butter is elevated as an object, and summons a Proustian memory of the protagonist’s father and wisdom: “He smells butter melting in the kitchen. Must be mashed potatoes, more mashed potatoes. But he distinctly said no more, please. What’s she making? The butter reminds him of his father, and the warm and welcome snell of wheat bread, two pieces, slightly cooked a pat of yellow--shuffle-click of the toaster popping--- ,  and a vision of Bursk Sr,standing there in his kitchen whites, biting his morning toast. Perfect toast. If my father were still alive, Bursks scolds himself, he wouldn’t stand for so much sentimentalizing. He would slap a table and insist---We’re all food, junoor, and the dirt is alive and well for it. Ask the bugs and bacteria, ask the flowers, the mud bricks, and clay pots, ask whatever else you can think of.” On page 11, Cheshire writes, “All of us are food.”

The story ends with great smells as Bursk dies, calling out to his wife in his mind, speaking directly and silently to her as she “lifts the spoon to his lips (page 11)”. How exciting it is to be with a man as he dies---don’t underestimate the power of this. We are at the end of this man’s life and in the middle of his death. This is a great, sad place for your reader to be. You want the reader to mourn the death of a character s/he has become attached to.

Smells and scents are crucial to making a story come alive. Bursk remembers their eating and lovemaking, the activities all mammals do, and the smells that went with their lives: “The smell of you under the stinking compress of whatever fills my head, the smell of our vegetables going soft in the bin, the coffee grinds in the trash, musty cereal boxes stacked by the stove…You smell of thirty-nine years of light, and dust, and like the cigarettes from back when you were smoking, like those strawberry gums you nibble and the stay lovemaking we made in the outside showers up north. It’s all yours, my love. The Cutting Boards is yours, let it last forever and forgive me. Please. For leaving. And maybe don’t come any closer, because my death is sour, and this bed is moving, and if you reach out to me, warm bowl of whipped potatoes, metal spoon, I might knock them from your grip and grab your hands instead. Tell Amen to bring your favorite dishes. Let him ladle gravies, and portion pot roasts, and push in your comfortable chair the way I used to. Make every menu, winter, spring, summer, and fall, corn soup, kebab, and cassoulet. Fill the table up with every season. Eat slowly. Pretend with every forkful, every last lift to your lips, and make believe your hand is in mine ."…” 

The last line is glorious: “Even when I’m gone, let us eat.” How exciting for us as a reader to be there as a protagonist dies and we are able to listen to his last words, a confession of sorts, and a last lover letter to his wife. What a privilege. We feel that he is speaking to us, and he is.

As an exercise, write out the last paragraph to see how the rhythm works, and notice how the author slowly shifts from writing in the third person about Bursk, to writing directly from Bursk to his wife. It’s a terrific way to end a story.

Please see below for info about Scott Cheshire. I particularly love his Q&Q with Hannah Tinti.

http://www.one-story.com/index.php?page=stories&story_id=206









issue #206
“Bursk’s Cutting Board” by Scott Cheshire
Issue #206 • May 11, 2015•Buy Now!
Scott Cheshire is the author of the novel High as the Horses’ Bridles. His work has been published in AGNI, Electric Literature, Guernica, Harper’s,Slice, and Picador’s anthology The Book of Men. He lives in Los Angeles.

sample:
Confined to the still boat of his bedroom mattress, Albert Bursk hears the solid porcelain clunk of dish on dish coming from their kitchen and wonders what she will shove at him today. He’s not pale like you’d think. Instead his eyes and skin are going gold like a trophy —1st Place for “He-Who-Sleeps-the-Most-and-Refuses-to-Make-His-Wife-Feel-Unappreciated-by-Saying-I’m-Sick-and-I-Have-No-Appetite-Left.” Like it or not, she makes him eat, his whole right side in mutiny and bedsores. A pain like someone stuffed an umbrella up his rump and now they’re trying to open it. His bones work against him. This is a man who jogged, drank little, never smoked a cigarette in his life, and walked how many stairwells, a million steps through countless kitchens, propping restaurants up on their faulty feet. All this while the back-of-the-house sucked down Heinekens swiped from the walk-in cooler, while the line cooks puffed like smokehouses out back by the dumpster. They stay up for days, and work double-shifts on the end of a cocaine bender. Those suicidal bastards will live forever. But not Bursk.
Q&A by Hannah Tinti
What was the seed of this story? What was the first thing you wrote?
Most of my writing is rooted in a question I find compelling, some idea I can’t quite shake, and the more unanswerable that question the better. In this case, I read an article by a hospice worker who happened to mention what a complicated relationship there is between food and the fatally ill. How food quite literally represents “life” for us all, and so, predictably, the closer one comes to death, the less one desires food. And yet food is often exactly how a concerned family shows its love. This seemed to me a profound irony. And because I worked in restaurants for years, as a waiter, and as a bartender, and because I love food (I do all the cooking in my home), I wondered what that loss might be like for a man who’d spent his whole life around food. Food was all. I also wanted to write my version of a love story. And so I put the poor man in bed, exhausted, dying, and dreading what the love of his life might be cooking for him in the kitchen. I wrote the first paragraph, pretty much just as it is. It has changed, but very little. And this became Albert’s voice.
What was the most challenging aspect of writing this story?
I would say trying to believably straddle comedy and tragedy. I imagined Albert as one of those men I knew in my youth, like my father and his friends who would gather around the grill in our backyard, and talk and shout and eat and gossip with so much enthusiasm, so much life. Their faces would go red, making each other laugh, as they told and retold the same ridiculous stories, calling each out on earlier versions that belied the one they just shared. All very old school. I imagined a man like this cut down, at way too young an age. I figured Albert would be bursting with life, even while he was dying. In fact, this is where his name came from—“burst” became Bursk. So I wanted a tone that allowed for laughs, but one that also let Albert be sincere, loving, and possibly, hopefully, strike sad chords within the reader. Not to mention I’m naturally drawn to playing with structure and perspective, so that’s always a challenge for me. Pushing the envelope, but also making it work.
This story is about a man’s last meal, and also, a kind of reckoning. Can you talk a bit about the connection between food and memory, and how you used it wind your way through Bursk’s life?
I’m drawn to stories that unapologetically face the fact that all of life is spent inside the mind. Yes, we walk through the world, and we fall in love, and we play sports, and we knock on doors, etc., but all of that is mediated by consciousness. I love books that attempt to marry the exterior and interior experience. I try to do the same in my own work. And food is a hell of a bridge. When I smell fresh curry I’m helplessly thrown thirty years back (I grew up in an Indian neighborhood in Queens, NYC) to my twelve-year-old self. I see faces and places I’ve completely forgotten. I leave my body. When I smell fresh New York bagels, I swear I can see my grandmother, who’s been gone for years. It works the same for Albert. On a technical level, food as a trigger for memory is sort of perfect. It’s particular and tied to real experience, and yet it’s sort of ghostly, and exists only in the senses, and so it allows him to travel about in memory, which of course lets the writing go anywhere I want it to. Plus I got to write about toast. I love toast.
Like most writers, you’ve worked in a restaurant before. Did that experience help you write this story?
It definitely helped, if for no other reason than I got to briefly write about those deathless pirates that work in a busy kitchen. Line cooks are by far the most dangerous and devoted people I have ever met. I love them.
One of the hardest things for Bursk to deal with is the jealousy he feels about his wife Shelly, as well as regret for his own near-dalliances. Do you see this story as a kind of confession?
Yes! And I’m so happy to have you describe it this way. There is the obvious deathbed confession trope, but for me all of writing is confessional, in one way or another, even if it’s done inversely. If a writer writes about things that do not in fact matter to them, that do not feel pressing, personal, or real, this too is a confession of sorts. A rather sad one. But the best writing, as far as I’m concerned, is always some veiled admission of obsession to the reader. Frankly, it was a bit of a relief to let a character do it so openly, for once.
The concept of zaghghat (forced feeding) winds throughout the story, from goose liver pâté to Shelley’s spoonfuls of mashed potatoes. Something that should bring joy and sustenance becomes instead distasteful. How does this relate to Bursk’s own life? And what do you think he realizes, in the end?
Sometimes when you’re writing the universe seems to respond, and it feels like you are directly in dialog with what Emerson called the “Over-Soul.” You ask, and the great world answers. Or maybe I’m just a sucker for that kind of mumbo jumbo. Either way, when I realized that essentially I was writing a story about force-feeding, it only made sense that Albert had a problematic relationship to foie gras; and when I realized that zaghghat was the original and Egyptian term for force-feeding, and that that word sounded uncomfortably like a certain diner’s guide—well, it was like a great gift, a deeply embedded pun had been revealed. Or maybe it’s just me. As far as Albert, I think he comes to accept love, utterly. Which means he forgives himself. He eats up life to the end.
If you had the chance to choose your last meal (and could still enjoy eating it) what would it be?
This is such a good question, as it’s just the sort of question you ask yourself or you ask your friends but never take it quite seriously. And so here is my answer, for posterity—it would be breakfast: a pot of hot coffee, fresh cream, and a lightly toasted sesame New York bagel, with a thin schmear of cream cheese, a generous portion of smoked sable, a tomato slice, red onion, and capers. The Sunday paper. A breeze.
How long did it take you to complete this story?
On and off, it took about a year. Short stories are not especially cost effective endeavors. But how I love to read and write them.
What are you working on now?
I’m halfway through a new novel. It’s sort of an inside-out thriller, “a literary thriller,” if you like that better. I’m also working on a short story, based on one I used to think was the best thing I’d ever done, until I realized it was actually incoherent, often terrible, and forty pages long, which officially made it not short. I liked the last paragraph, though, and so I made it the first of a brand new story. The rest went in the trash. We’ll see what happens.
What is the best bit of advice about writing you have ever received?

I’ll give you two since they are both wonderful, and have done me well, and because they both involve profanity. The first came from my teacher Colum McCann, after I explicitly asked for advice regarding my career. He said: “Don’t be a dick.” Succinct, punchy, and wise. Just like him. The second came from another writer, one I deeply love and admire, but I’m afraid I cannot give the writer’s name, as I have no good reason to think the writer would appreciate the anecdote. The question was: “What do you do when people don’t get what you’re doing, when they’re confused by a book, or a direction you’re going in? When the critics don’t like it.” The answer was a brief pause, then: “Fuck ‘em.”

https://www.one-story.com/blog/?p=5555

Issue #206: Bursk’s Cutting Board by Scott Cheshireon  by 

issue206

Nothing taught me more about the inner lives and desires of people than waiting tables. From the maniac chefs in the kitchen, to the customers demanding substitutions, to the bartenders passing around kamikaze shots, a restaurant is full of drama and bursting with energy. At the center of it all, of course, is the food that is being served. The pleasure of eating and the awakening of the senses. But what happens when a bite loses its taste? When a man whose entire life has been focused on cooking finds himself the one being cooked for? This is the dilemma in our new issue,“Bursk’s Cutting Board” by Scott Cheshire. As the narrator awaits what could be his final meal, he reminisces on his past and his marriage, sifting through his memories as the smell of his wife’s cooking winds through their apartment to the bedroom (now sickroom). Bursk has lost his appetite, and though he hides this from his wife, this loss intertwines with all his other regrets and fears. He worries: was he a good husband? He worries: what will happen when I am gone? In the end Bursk connects it all–his past, present and future—in a rousing speech that clutches at joy and salutes his hopes and dreams. I hope you’ll read Scott Cheshire’s Q&A with us on how he wrote this compelling and moving story, and also this interview where Scott discusses publishing his celebrated debut novel, High as the Horses’ Bridles, and what it’s like to be a One Story Literary Debutante. Until then, let’s all raise a glass to first books, and to great meals, and to the smell of garlic lingering on our fingers.

http://www.one-story.com/blog/?tag=scott-cheshire

Introducing 2015 Debutante: Scott Cheshire


horsesbridlesOn May 15th, at our 6th annual Literary Debutante Ball, One Story will be celebrating 10 of our authors who have published their debut books over the past year. In the weeks leading up to the Ball, we’ll be introducing our Debs through a series of interviews.
This week we have the pleasure of chatting with Scott Cheshire, a wonderful and generous person and author. Scott’s debut novel High as the Horses’ Bridles is now available from Henry Holt. The book follows Josiah Laudermilk as he goes from being a twelve-year-old prophet in a religious household in Queens, New York, to a divorced man who goes by “Josie” and owns computer stores in southern California. When his estranged father falls ill and Josie returns to New York to care for him, Josie confronts his past in ways that reverberate into his present and future. Memories of his childhood, his departed mother, his break from the church, and the early years of his marriage collide as he tries to figure out how to be around his father again and how to move forward in life with a clearer vision of his reality. It’s a very relatable family story told through the fascinating lens of religion, history, and love.
Where were you when you found out High as the Horses’ Bridles was going to be published? How did you celebrate?
I was at the Housing Works Bookstore Café, in Soho, when I got the call. Which was fitting as I wrote much of the book there. After the call, I wanted to call my wife and my friends but I resisted that and went outside. I walked around the cobbled streets out front and I tried to be very aware of the moment. I let it sink in. I thought about how long I had been working on the book, how many years. I thought about how long I had been writing. Then I called my wife. I probably got weepy. And then I called one of my teachers, who by then had become a real mentor and friend. I asked him what to do next. He said, start another book, right now, even if it’s shit. That was very good advice.
The title of your book is so perfect. How did you decide on this title and were there any other contenders?
Well thank you so much for saying that. The whole time writing it, the book was called The Ends. I had it at the top of every page. It kept me focused. Everything in the book had to funnel toward that, and so the book became about the many ends of our lives, the end of childhood, the end of love, the end of faith, the end of life, the end of time, even the opposite ends of the country. At some point I realized this was not, in fact, the title of the book, but rather its preoccupation. It also helped that everyone hated that title. I made a list of more terrible titles until it struck me that the title should come from the book ofRevelation, since the book itself was birthed from that book and my relationship to it. I readRevelation again and came across the phrase. It seemed poetic, even American, it sounded like a Cormac McCarthy novel (which couldn’t hurt), but actually referred to something quite violent and nightmarish, the depth of sinners’ blood come Armageddon. I liked that tension.
High as the Horses’ Bridles is set mostly in Queens and Southern California, both locations where you have lived yourself. Can you talk about the process of writing a story that takes place in environments with which you are very familiar? And has your recent move back to Southern California from Queens affected your current writing at all?
This is an especially interesting question because I never had plans to live in California again, and yet here I am. Place, I must say, is very important to me. I mean in life and in my reading and writing habits. Place directly affects my mood. For instance, just thinking about the splintery beach of Truro, Mass., gives me peace. I have a photo of that place on my laptop screen. As far as Queens and Southern California, they were the landscapes of the most formative times in my life and so it made sense to write about them. Not to mention, for me, life is sort of a dialog with the physical world. And so my work tends to revolve around characters engaged with the world around them, the trees, the beach, the sidewalks, and subways. As far as returning to California, well, I’m writing about Queens again, but with the beach just minutes away. This makes for a better mood and hopefully makes for better writing.
One of my favorite chapters in the novel is very removed from your own experience—it’s a vivid depiction of a tent revival in nineteenth-century rural Kentucky. What kind of research did you do to create such a believable environment and characters in this section?
This was the last thing I wrote and it happened quite fast. It took about a month of long marathon writing sessions in which locked myself in the bedroom and had my wife bring me lots of coffee. But that only happened after a tremendous amount of research. I took lots of notes but mostly just figured I would use what stayed with me. After writing it, I reached out to a few historians of American religious history who not only responded, but they did so with great enthusiasm. They sent me notes and corrections on things I might consider, or about stuff I got plain wrong. I could not have done it without them.
To me, your novel is ultimately about the often unrealistic expectations that parents place on their children—or even expectations that the children perceive, whether they exist or not—and how families and individuals deal with the dynamics that result from these expectations. Do you agree with this assessment? Have you heard any interpretations of the book that have surprised you?
Well, because the book centers on one family’s religious legacy, people often talk of the book in that context, that it’s a book about religion, but really for me it’s a book about family, first. It’s about fathers and sons. Mothers and sons. So it makes me very happy that you describe it this way. I have heard many differing opinions on the novel. I have been hugged by an atheist who told me he was happy that someone finally wrote a novel about religion from the atheist’s perspective. I have received letters from people thanking me for writing a novel about religion finally from the perspective of the faithful. I have sent at least one woman back to church. All of this pleases me. Probably my favorite response though was from a man in Boston, who bought five copies, one for each of his boys. He said they were going to read the book together. It doesn’t get much better than that. I know writing the book certainly brought me closer to my own family.
What are you most looking forward to at the One Story Ball on May 15th?
I love One Story and have been reading it for years, so it’s thrilling to be a part of this year’s ball. Not to mention I get to put on a tie, and get a haircut, although I need to get new shoes. Since the move out west, I’ve been wearing flip-flops, mostly. Maybe I’ll get a pair of fancy ones to go with my suit.

Tuesday, June 30, 2015

Writing Exercise #3: Fiction, "Going Solo"

Fiction: Going Solo. This exercise is adapted from Poets & Writers Summer 2015 issue.

When the weather heats up and the pace of life slows down over summer, it’s natural to start thinking about traveling. Whether you set off on a long road trip across the country or catch a plane to an exotic land, being away home almost always feels like an adventure---even if you are going to a sick relative and staying in a motel. But what happens if the person you were planning to take a trip with can't go at the last minute?

Write a story about this scenario. How does your protagonist handle traveling solo? What obstacles does s/he encounter? Pretend this happened to you and “document” the trip you took alone for the person who couldn’t make it. Write diary entries and postcards---let the diary entries reveal the truth of your protagonist’s life and the let the postcards reflect the positive but deceptive, excessively happy "Facebook face” that s/he is trying to maintain. Make sure there is a real disconnect between the two. Remember: Secrets are always interesting. The diary entries should contain the secrets, unless you decided to reverse this, i.e. perhaps the diary entries are fiction and the postcards reveal truth, and the writer knows the diary entries will be preserved for posterity but the postcards will be thrown out and therefore, are actually safer to write.

Write for no more than thirty minutes and then stop. What does your protagonist really want to happen when his/her diary is found? What does the protagonist really want the reader to think when s/he reads the diary entries?

Writing Exercise #2, Creative Non-Fiction, “Breaking News"



Creative Non-Fiction: Breaking News. This exercise is adapted from an exercise from Poets & Writers Summer 2015 issue.

When something major happens in our lives, we often leave some time between the time that it happens and when we get around to writing about it. But great fiction and creative non-fiction are full of strong emotion, powerfully expressed, even if it’s restrained. And if we let too much time pass, the intense emotion of the event fades and is replaced by a more analytic, subjective memory of the event.

In order to channel that sense of immediacy, put yourself back at the scene of a significant incident right in the middle of the action. Sit down and picture this: Something life-changing is happening to you right now. Be sure you cover those key journalistic questions, the Who, What, When Where and Why of the story. Sensationalize at your discretion! Skip the mundane details! Get to the heart of your story and write as much as you can remember without stopping.

Write for no more than 20 minutes.

Lucia Berlin’s B.F. and Me (Paris Review, Summer 2015)

Lucia Berlin passed away in 2004. She published eight short story collections before she died, and has another book coming out posthumously in August called A Manual for Cleaning Women: Selected Stories.

What struck me about this short story is how short and funny it is, and how tragic. The narrator is first person, and she speaks to us as if she is sitting down fora drink or coffee with us, in chairs outside her trailer. She immediately draws us in by speaking directly to us: “I liked him right away, just talking to him on the phone. Raspy, easygoing voice, with a smile and sex in it,  you know what I mean.” Of course we know what she means, and how can we not want to read further, with that kind of easy, intimate confessional tone beckoning us to? In that second sentence, she suggests that this is a love story of sorts, and maybe even an erotic one.

This is also, very cleverly, a short story about class, aging, voices, smells and process. Our narrator used to be an operator at a hospital, longing to meet one of the doctors she paged. Now she’s an older woman of 70 but she’s still got it going on---the guys at Pottery Barn are still flirting with her. “I bet you’re really gonna enjoy lying on this rug.” This is ridiculous, funny dialogue.

By the middle of page 270, our narrator has introduced us to her man, her antagonist perhaps, and maybe a charming villain. Whoever he is and whatever he does, he’s introduced into the story to shake things up and to change the narrator. “He answered the phone…And he laughed, real slow. I told him I had a floor job and he said he was my man. He could come anytime. I figured he was a smart aleck in his twenties, good-looking, with tattoos and spiky hair, a pickup truck and a dog.” This characters sounds sexy, young, appealing--we can’t wait to meet him.

And then her, and our, expectations are dashed. He doesn’t show up and when he does, he’s an old guy, “gasping and coughing after he climbed three steps.” Not the hot young guy we were expecting, but then our narrator has “bad arthritis” and got “tangled up” in her oxygen hose. These are vivid images of aging so now the story has rearranged itself---maybe this is a story of old, new love. It’s certainly a story of defying the reader’s expectations---BF is the opposite of a hottie, and he’s nothing like the handsome young doctors the narrator was yearning to meet when she was a hospital operator. Read this great description of BF: “B.F’ was holding on to the wall and to the banister, gasping and coughing after he climbed the three steps. He was an enormous man, tall, very fat and very old. Even when he was still outside, catching his breath, I could smell him. Tobacco and dirty wool, rank alcoholic sweat. He had bloodshot baby-blue eyes that smiled. I liked him right away.”

What? She likes this old, smelly guy? Yes, she does, and again, the story rearranges itself.  He doesn’t show up when he’s supposed to, he’s old and smells, but she still, she wants him.  And now this is also a story about smell. This paragraph about smells is key. The narrator’s memories of smells is what propels her forward, and her description of the smells she remembers instantly suck into the story. We are familiar with all these smells and now we’re very familiar with the kind of man BF is, the kind of guy we might see in a bar, a laughing good, old boy, and we start to think about the smells of men and animals we have known: “The pong of him was like madeleine-like for me, bringing back Grandpa and Uncle John, for starters. Bad smells can be nice. A faint odor of sunk int he woods. Horse manure at the races. One of the best parts about the tigers in zoos is the feral strength. At bullfights I always liked to sit high up, in order to see it all, like at the opera, but if you sit next to the barrera you can smell the bull.” Don’t underestimate the power of using smells in your own work!

As readers, we’re constantly being forced to shift our expectations about this guy BF, and we’re happy to. Now, on page 271, we’re more than half way through this 3.5 page story. And now the story shifts to process. Process is always interesting. BF might seriously need a shower and be unreliable, but he knows how to lay tile in a bathroom. He tells her how much tile she needs and how she can’t walk on the tile for 72 hours. They banter back and forth, each one stubborn and cheerful about what needed to happen in that bathroom. He may be out of shape and unreliable, but he knows what he’s talking about when it comes to laying down tile. This makes him appealing and knowledgeable. In your own work, give one of your characters your knowledge of process---cooking, knitting, dog-walking----any ritual or habit that you are intimate with will make your character come alive. 

Towards the end of the story, the narrator reminds us that B.F. is really old and unreliable. She makes us worry that he might die and this is great---nothing tethers a reader to a story like the possibility that a major character may leave us soon. (Think of how you feel when a favorite character gets killed off in a TV show. You mourn the character’s loss, but are further invested in the story’s outcome. After the death, all you want to do is see what happens next to the characters who have survived.)  “He was obviously sore after bending down. Gasping for air, he limped out of the house, stopping to lean on the kitchen counter and then on the stove in the living room. I followed him to the door, making the same rest stops. At the foot of the stairs he lit up a cigarette and smiled up at me.”

The ending: Naturally, B.F. doesn’t show up again when he’s supposed to, but then he calls. The narrator and the tile guy do their dance again. Will he continue to disappoint her? Probably. Will he break her heart by dying or falling down on the job? Possibly. But a powerful connection has been established between them and we want to see what happens next. I agree that the ending leaves us hanging, but in a way, it is very effective---we start to imagine what will happens to these characters after we leave them on the page. Or they leave us. And we can see them vividly, at the end of their lives, clinging to each other, and whatever cheerful banter they can still trade, in bars and trailers. Their banter and their promises to each other are their currency.

Wednesday, June 24, 2015

Mark Strand’s prose poem, “An Event About Which No More Need Be Said."

Writing Exercise 1: Inspired by Mark Strand prose poem, “An Event About Which No More Need Be Said.”


An Event About Which No More Need Be Said

I was riding downtown in a cab with a prince who consented to be interviewed, but asked that I not mention him or his country by name. He explained that both exist secretly and their business is carried on in silence. He was tall, had a long nose beneath which was tucked a tiny mustache; he wore a pale-blue shirt open at the neck and cream colored pants. “I have no hobbies,” he explained. “My one interest is sex It can be with a man or a woman, old or young, so long as it produces the desired result, which is to remind me of the odor of white truffles or the taste of candied violets in a locating island. Here, let me show you something.” When I saw it, saw how big it was, and what he’d done with it, I screamed and leaped from the moving cab.”

This writing exercise is inspired by Strand’s prose poem, which comes from his book, Almost Invisible: Poems. The beauty of poetry, and of this poem in particular, is how precise and powerful it is--and how efficient. In eight sentences, Strand’s narrator manages to intrigue us, shock us, and leave us wondering. Who was this prince? Was he really a prince? What exactly did the narrator see? Did the prince expose his penis? Or some other part of his body? What did he do to himself? Did he tattoo his penis? If so, what did the tattoo look like? What happened after the narrator jumped out of the moving cab? Was he hurt? Did he run for his life? And what happened to the prince that night and over time?

Exercise: This poem could also work as the first paragraph of a short story. Please write out the poem  and count the words and the sentences to see how much is packed into one paragraph. Then spend no more than 20 minutes writing out at least one more paragraph to this story. In doing so, try to answer at least one of the following questions (you can also answer some of the questions above):
What did the prince want the narrator to see in the cab?
How did the narrator spend the rest of his night?
How did the prince spend the rest of his night?

Let the reader’s desire to be shocked and scared drive your writing.

Wednesday, August 13, 2014

Emily Ruskovich, Owl


Owl, by Emily Ruskovich, was published in One Story in March 2014. Ruskovich grew up in the Idaho Panhandle and has an untitled novel and a book of short stories called Idaho coming out from Random House. She has an MFA from Iowa and teaches creative writing at the University of Colorado in Denver. To read a Q&Q with Ruskovich in One Story, click here.

In this story, we again have a first person, male protagonist.  Again, I imagined a man, sitting on a stool on a stage, telling us his story through a series of flashback scenes and dialogue. The story begins with an accident: His wife has been hurt, “bullets taken from her body.” This is a great premise for a short story. The narrator is reeling, his wife’s life may be in jeopardy, his whole life has been turned upside down.

The story takes place in the early 1890’s/early 1900’s. We are on a farm, in Idaho. Life is difficult, the characters dependent upon each other for survival. Jane, the wife, has been shot by one or perhaps four teenage boys.

SPOILER ALERT: This story is a mystery. Why was Jane outside that night? Was she flirting with those boys? Is Jane innocent or guilty of betraying her husband? Her husband does not judge her, or even ask that question. He shows great restraint. It is very clever to have your protagonist show restraint and not pass judgment on the character who has hurt or betrayed him/her. This empowers the reader and allows the reader to do the judging for the protagonist. Jane was outside late one night, when the young boys saw her, shot her and said they thought she was an owl. Is this really what happened? We don’t know. The narrator is both a naive observer and unwilling participant in the intrigue that is woven into this story.

On the surface, the plot is simple: When the narrator marries Jane, they are both young. He works for her father, and she is a teenage girl, pregnant by another boy, who is ultimately given to, or sold to, the narrator by her father. Jane loves another man and this marriage to the narrator is not a love match, though we get the impression that the narrator comes to love and appreciate Jane. Lopsided love makes for a great plot point. Use it if you can in your own fiction.

Whether Jane loves and appreciates the narrator is in question; By the end, we suspect she may have been biding her time until her true love was released from prison and came to find her.

Elevation of objects/inanimate objects and animals as characters in the story: Feral cats are characters in this story, as is the cornmeal that the narrator feeds them, he is careful to make sure the cornmeal cools before he leaves it out for them. The cats and the cornmeal are elevated objects---by the end of the story, we can see and almost touch the cats, and can almost feel the hot cornmeal burning their tongues.

There is a lot of food in this story, and its presence in the story works on many levels. One, though the story took place more than a century ago, the food they eat is very much the same as the food we eat. The food makes the story feel current and relevant. Two, the description of the food is luscious, vivid and makes you want to eat. Three, the use and eating of the food helps makes the fictional characters seem real. Notice the cornmeal, the cherries, the pie, the pie pan and Jane’s last buttered piece of toast, in particular. They move through the story. We come to expect them and recognize them.

Also notice the use of insects---the flies that land on top of the cornmeal. This is disgusting but real and memorable.

If you are trying to make your scenes and/or your characters sound authentic, go to a diner and watch people order and eat.  Write down what they eat and how they eat it, how they fold or scrunch up their napkins, how they wipe their mouths and spear their asparagus: Gestures relating to the preparation and eating of food will contribute to the “reality” of your writing.

Examples of great food writing in Owl:

1)   On page 3, Jane brought the young boy Peter “eggs and hot venison sausage at sunrise.”
2)   The cherries, which first appear in page 6, are elevated and referred to frequently over the course of two pages: “He held, awkwardly, a bowl of cherries, at such a precarious slant that with one small movement of his wrist, the cherries would come pouring out.”
3)   The pie on p. 6: “Against his body, he held a pie covered in cloth. His neck was very white like it was recently scrubbed. By contrast, his freckle splattered face looked filthy, as if underneath a film of orange dust.”
4)   The cat food, the flies and the pie on page 8: “They had a smell to them, a mix of soap and filth. They laid their dishes on the table where the boiled cat food was cooling in the pan. A few flies had landed and gotten stuck on the grainy skin forming on top of the oatmeal. The red-haired boy was watching them. He had a bright red mark on the skin of his ribs from having held the pies so tightly against himself.
5)   On page 25, as we near the beginning of the end of the story, we see how time passes through the pie pan:
“At some point, she washed the pie pan and the other dishes that held the food the boys had brought, and she set them out on the porch in case they ever returned. The dishes remained on the porch the rest of the summer. I got so used to seeing them there that I stopped seeing them at all. Soon they held no associations; they collected the same dust as everything else...Then one evening, early in the fall, I came home from a hunt just after sunset and saw that the dishes were gone.” (Also, notice the use of the sunset.)
6)   Also on page 25, we see the end of Jane, as seen through the food and dish she left behind: “On the night table, I saw one of her novels, opened facedown, beside a plate with a half eaten piece of toast shining with butter.” That piece of buttered toast is memorable.
7)   And on p. 27, we have light, food and dirt, all in the same paragraph (see my note about light below): “Soon I saw the light in the window of the trapper’s house. Out of breath, I paused and looked inside, where husband, wife, son and baby ate a late dinner of potatoes and broth. Their dirt floor was nearly black with what looked to be coffee grounds.”
    The dirt floor says so much about this family, as does the meager meal they are eating.

Now, take a look at some other wonderful details in this story, details that make the characters feel yanked from real life:
1)  Great gesture on p. 7: “I saw in the boy’s eyes a yearning to touch it (the cat) and I myself was touched by that. It was respectful the way he stood so still knowing this was not the time to pet a cat, even such a friendly, stupid one, and that show of self restraint softened me a little…” This is a great gesture, the boy’s restraint completely makes the boy feel real.
2)   Sunlight and hair on p. 7 “The sunlight he’d stepped into revealed a single, white, glossy hair on his Adam’s apple.” 

    We often talk about using sunlight and moonlight in our stories; see how well this works here. Don’t forget to use light in your stories.

I also want to point out the dirt floor (and the smell of coffee) on pages 13-14, which become characters in this story as much as the cats and the corn meal. The dirt floor first appears on page 13 and by describing it, the author tells us a lot about the narrator’s sad history (as it turns out, this detail comes from the author’s family’s history):
“The floors of my mother’s house were made of dirt. My father had built the pitiful place on a piece of oven-farmed soil. The more we beat it down with our feet, the finer the dirt became. The dust rose with every step, with every gust, with every turn in the night of our bodies in our beds. It settled in our sheets, on our clothes, in our hair, and finally in my mother’s lungs, where it lingered for years before it turned into the infection that turned her, with a bit of time, into dust itself…Around the time the infection set in, my mother discovered coffee grounds. She spread them wet across the dirt. It was the only the thing that ever worked to keep the dust down, her one triumph in all those years as a housewife in a house without floors, and she began to drink so much coffee as a side effect of using it on the floor, that deep down I wonder if it wasn’t’ her lungs that let her down but her heart. Just before I closed the lid of her coffin, which I did alone, my father having long since left, I smelled the coffee that had replaced the dust on her body and her clothes, and I thought what a shame it was to bury someone whose essence was still so much alive.”

Two pages later, on page 16, we read that the narrator “built a good, sturdy house, with boards across the floor.”

You can see the dirt and smell the coffee grinds and the boards across the floor by the time you finish reading these pages. Essentially, floors define characters in this short story, a fascinating and original concept.


Weather is also a great character in this story. Notice this great sentence on p. 24: “The river ran low; the sun baked the hides of the cattle.” Don’t forget to weave the weather into your fiction: Is it windy out? Hot? Freezing? Using all of these outdoor elements will make your story feel real.

The narrator tells this story in retrospect; by the end of the story, the narrator is alone with his dog. Jane has left him, the cats have disappeared. How do you feel about him by the end? Do you wonder what happened to him? Do you wonder what happened to Jane? Do you think he’ll ever see her again? Are you satisfied with the ending of the story? I was. I felt I had come to know, understand and feel sorry for him.  I admired his restraint and his doomed love for his wife. Doomed love can make for a great plot. But my real question to you is: Did this story make you want to write one of your own?



Exercise: Write a story that takes place in the past or the future. Use details from your own family’s history.

Phil Klay’s Desployment:


Redployment by Phil Klay

Redeployment, by Phil Klay, is Klay’s first published collection of stories. Klay is a  former Marine, who served in Iraq as a pubic affairs officer. He did not see combat, though his protagonist in this story did. Klay’s two brothers were also in the military at the same time. Klay graduated from Dartmouth and has an MFA from Hunter College.

What struck me about this story is that it is written so vividly in the first person, and though there are plenty of scenes and dialogue, it is mostly a monologue. I imagined the narrator, sitting on a stool on a stage, telling us the story of how he returned from war, with flashbacks to what happened while he was over there, and how he felt upon his return.

Like all great stories, this one is about a hero going on a journey---a journey into war, and then the journey home to rejoin his wife. There is a whiff of the Odyssey here. He survived death; now, how will he experience life? 

SPOILER ALERT: He does it by shopping with his wife and killing his dog. In some ways, writing a story about war is tough---the reader expects to be moved, shocked and possibly devastated by the end of the story. If the writer does not deliver these feelings, the reader is disappointed. Most of us have never been to war: We want the writer to tell us what it is like, gives us some insight into its atrocities. The bar is high for war writers. But writing about war can also be a clever, easy and efficient way to tackle those most profound of subjects: Life and death. If you or anyone you know has experience with war, I suggest you write about the experience and/or interview the person with the experience and write about it.

Klay assumes that you know the vocabulary of war, and that if you don’t, that you will either look up the definitions you don’t know, or you will glide through the story, ignorant of what some of the writer is referring to. You don’t necessarily need to know what a DI (defense intelligence), IED (improvised explosive device) or XO (executive officer) are in order to enjoy the story, though you will get more out of it if you do know what these terms mean. This raises a question I’m frequently asked in class: Is it okay to use vocabulary that will be unfamiliar to your readers? And if you’re going to do that, should you include a glossary? My preference is to include a glossary at the end of the story or to at least define the word or the acronym the first time you use it so that your lazier writer isn’t struggling to understand what you’re writing about and possibly abandoning the story in frustration and ignorance.

How the story does its work of moving the reader: The author deftly weaves fear into this story, so that you, the reader, are constantly on edge, wondering if the narrator and/or his friends are going to get killed. This is a clever writing device: Make the reader worry for your protagonist. Put the reader in your protagonist’s shoes. And use the second person. For instance, on pages 2, Klay writes, “You try to think about home, then you’re in the torture house. You see the body parts in the locker and the retarded guy in the cage. He squawked like a chicken. His head was shrunk down to a coconut. It takes you a while to remember Doc saying they’d shot mercury into his skull…You see the little girl, the photographs Curtis found in a desk….”  By the bottom of page 2, we are filled with dread at what the protagonist is going to find and describe next. Dread is a powerful feeling. In fact, your readers want to feel dread, just as theater and movie-goers want to feel fear when they go to the theater. Later, they want to feel the release of it, but first, they want to feel it in full. Don’t be afraid to scare your reader.

Dog as a character (SPOILER ALERT): Notice how much the narrator loves his dog (p.3) and how that dog becomes a character. The story opens and ends with the killing of the dog (pp. 1 and 16). There’s a neat and gruesome symmetry here. The narrator’s dog is a vulnerable, old creature. The narrator is attached to him, as we become attached to him, and when the narrator shoots him at the end, we feel his loss. Don’t be afraid of killing off characters in your fiction. Your reader wants to feel this loss and grieve this character’s absence.

Gun and hands as characters: The narrator is attached to his gun (p.6.) Can a gun be a character? Sure. Klay writes: “When I got to the window and handed in my rifle, though, it brought me up short. That was the first time I’d been separated from it in months. I didn’t know where to rest my hands. First I put them in my pockets, then I took them out and crossed my arms, and then I just let them hang, useless, at my sides.” Elevates objects---hands, guns—so that your reader sees and feels them and imagines using them in his/her mind.

The use of vice: The story starts off with the introduction of vices: The murder of a dog, jerking off in a shower, card-playing and smoking cigarettes. Readers love to read about vices---smoking, drinking, gambling,s ex play, etc. This immediately raises the stakes for the characters, takes the reader to a place s/he doesn’t normally go to but wants to experience. When characters are put at risk, the readers ask: Will the protagonist be okay? We want that uncertainty, we want to wonder what is going to happen to the characters, we want to be caught up in the question: Will s/he die?

Some of the characters get drunk on page 4. Same idea here: Readers love to read about characters getting drunk, high, stealing, lying, pretending, falling in love with inappropriate people, cheating on people they love, and doing all sorts of deviant activities. We love to be experience high’s and low’s in fiction, high’s and low’s we probably avoid or repress in real life. But fiction is not real life. Fiction is where your reader goes to feel and experience the things s/he avoids in real life. Don’t be afraid to have your characters do crazy, dark, risky, destructive and self-destructive things in your stories.

Did Klay’s title story move you? Did it make you want to read more of the collection? What about it, if anything, made it memorable? Did it make you want to write?


Exercise: Write a scene for one of your characters in which s/he does exactly the opposite thing sh/e should do.